1. Krzysztof Głód, Szymon Sikora, Sebastian J. Szybka
Example of cross-polarized standing gravitational waves
Phys. Rev. D: Part. Fields , vol. 106, p. 124022 (2022).
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Abstract:
We use a cosmological counterpart of the cylindrical Halilsoy solution to illustrate properties of cross-polarized standing gravitational waves.

2. Szymon Sikora, Krzysztof Głód
Construction of the cosmological model with periodically distributed inhomogeneities with growing amplitude
The European Physical Journal C, vol. 81, p. 208 (2021).
[abstract] [preprint] [journal]

Abstract:
We construct an approximate solution to the cosmological perturbation theory around Einstein–de Sitter background up to the fourth-order perturbations. This could be done with the help of the specific symmetry condition imposed on the metric, from which follows that the model density forms an infinite, cubic lattice. To verify the convergence of the perturbative construction, we express the resulting metric as a polynomial in the perturbative parameter and calculate the exact Einstein tensor. In our model, it seems that physical quantities averaged over large scales overlap with the respective Einstein–de Sitter prediction, while local observables could differ significantly from their background counterparts. As an example, we analyze the behavior of the local measurements of the Hubble constant and compare them with the Hubble constant of the homogeneous background model. A difference between these quantities is important in the context of a current Hubble tension problem.

3. Szymon Sikora, Krzysztof Głód
Perturbatively constructed cosmological model with periodically distributed dust inhomogeneities
Phys. Rev. D: Part. Fields , vol. 99, p. 083512 (2019).
[abstract] [preprint] [journal]

Abstract:
We constructed a simple cosmological model which approximates the Einstein-de Sitter background with periodically distributed dust inhomogeneities. By taking the metric as a power series up to the third order in some perturbative parameter λ, we are able to achieve large values of the density contrast. With a metric explicitly given, many model properties can be calculated in a straightforward way which is interesting in the context of the current discussion concerning the averaging of the inhomogeneities and their backreaction in cosmology. Although the Einstein-de Sitter model can be thought of as the model average, the light propagation differs from that of Einstein-de Sitter. The angular diameter distance-redshift relation is affected by the presence of inhomogeneities and depends on the observer’s position. The model construction scheme enables some generalizations in the future, so the present work is a step toward more realistic cosmological model described by a relatively simple analytical metric.

4. Sikora S., Bratek Ł., Jałocha J., Kutschera M.
The influence of the velocity dispersion on the velocity-density relation in the disk model of the galaxy
Acta Phys. Pol., B , vol. 48, p. 2071 (2017).
[abstract] [journal]

Abstract:
Taking the velocity dispersion term into account in the Jeans equation describing the disk model, counterintuitively allows to reduce the local mass-to-light ratio at the outskirts of flattened galaxies, and stop the unbound growth of mass function. This is possible thanks to a more intertwined relation between the gravitational potential and the rotation curve than for spheroidal systems. This effect is illustrated on the example of galaxy UGC 6446 by finding iteratively the column mass density from the rotation curve supplemented with an isotropic velocity dispersion profile in the disk plane. Along with galactic magnetic fields, this effect would allow to reduce the local mass-to-light ratio at the galactic outskirts.

5. Szymon Sikora, Krzysztof Głód
Example of an inhomogeneous cosmological model in the context of backreaction
Phys. Rev. D: Part. Fields , vol. 95, p. 063517 (2017).
[abstract] [preprint] [journal]

Abstract:
In this article, we present an example of an inhomogeneous cosmological model, which is inspired by the linear perturbation theory. The metric of this model can be described as the Einstein–de Sitter background with periodically distributed dust overdensities. The model construction enables application of the Green-Wald averaging scheme and the Buchert averaging technique simultaneously. We compare the angular diameter distance function of the considered model to the angular diameter distances corresponding to the average space-times given by the Green-Wald and the Buchert frameworks respectively.

6. Jałocha J., Bratek Ł., Pękala J., Sikora S., Kutschera M.
Magnetic flux density from the relative circular motion of stars and partially ionized gas in the Galaxy mid-plane vicinity
Astrophys J. , vol. 833, p. 174 (2016).
[abstract] [preprint] [journal]

Abstract:
Observations suggest a slower stellar rotation relative to gas rotation in the outer part of the Milky Way Galaxy. This difference could be attributed to an interaction with the interstellar magnetic field. In a simple model, fields of order 10 micro Gauss are then required, consistently with the observed values. This coincidence suggests a tool for estimating magnetic fields in spiral galaxies. A North-South asymmetry in the rotation of gas in the Galaxy could be of magnetic origin too.